Factors associated with the indication for invasive mechanical ventilation in acute bronchiolitis

Abstract

Introduction: Bronchiolitis can be a fatal disease in patients with risk factors.

Objective: To identify factors associated with invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Analytical, cross-sectional, on a series of 654 children under two years of age with acute bronchiolitis who were admitted to the intensive care unit of the University Pediatric Paquito González, using a comparative scheme of two groups (patients who received invasive ventilation and those that did not require it). The statistical association of the variables with the indication for invasive ventilation was determined with a multivariate analysis through a binary logistic regression to find the Odds ratio (OR).

Results: The following factors associated with invasive ventilation were identified: birth weight from 2500 to 3000 g (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.0000-7.6948), gestational age from 32 to 36 weeks: (OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.4686-12.8517), SpO₂ between 90 and 93% (OR 16.1; 95% CI 6.9302-37.5443), Lung Inflammatory Infiltrate (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1-6.5), atelactasia (OR 4.6; 95% CI 1.9-11.1), coexistence of Inflammatory Infiltrate and atelactasia (OR 9.5; 95% CI 3.9-23.1), moderate retractions (OR 16.1; 95% CI 6.7-38.8), inadequate feeding (OR 47.7; 95% CI 11.1-205.4), apnea (OR 265.2; 95% CI 78.5-895.4) and congenital heart disease (OR 10.5; 95% CI 2.6276-42.6413).

Conclusions: The probability ratio of some variables, for the indication of mechanical ventilation, was higher than that described in the literature.